William baxteb



(No Model.)

W. BAXTER, Jr. AIR FIGHT ELECTRIC ARC LAMP:

No. 306,998. Patented 0m. 21, 1884.

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N. PETERS. Pholo-Lilhcgrapher. Wnshmgkm. mc.

Uivrrnn STATES Parent @rrrcn.

\VILLIAM BAXTER, JR, OF JERSEY CITY, NEV JERSEY.

AlR-TIGHT ELECTRIC ARC LAMP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 306,998, dated October 21,1884.

Application filed May 21,1883. (No model.)

To (LZZ whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM BAXTER,J1., a citizen of the United States, residing in the city of Jersey City, in Hudson county, New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Air-Tight Electric Arc Lamps, fully described and representedin the following specification and the accompanying drawings, forming a part of the same.

This invention relates to certain improvements in air-tight arc-lights; and it consists in certain devices for adjusting the carbons without removing the air-tight globe or re ceiver, and in special construction for insulating the regulator, and for preventing the access of gases from the combustion-chamber thereto.

The improvements will be understood by reference to the annexed drawings, in which Figure 1 is a side view of an electric-arc lamp provided with my invention. Fig. 2 is a central vertical section of the same, the view being taken from the opposite side. Fig. 3 is an alternative construction of the lamp. Fig. etis a view of the bottom side of the lower-carbon holder in Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is a side View of the rotatable sleeve detached, and Fig. 6 is a section of the same on line at as in Fig. 7.

The lamp structure consists, essentially, of-

the casing A, containing the regulator devices, the globe 13, containing the lighting-arc, and the trunk C, forming a connecting-chamber between the two for the play of the long upper carbon and its rod. The regulator is shown in Fig. 2 of the construction heretofore used by me, but any other may be used in carrying out my invention. The carbon rod for the upper movable electrodeislettered a, and is shown with a split clamp at b, grasping the upper carbon, D. The lower-carbon holder E is shown in three forms, carrying the lower carbon, D, in such manner that it may be adjusted to the center of the upper carbon.

In this invention the casing A is separated from the trunk O by an open space, F, into which the air circulates freely, while it is entirely excluded from the trunk and the globe beneath it by suitable packings at a andn, the difference of pressure within and without operator a means of manipulating the C2tIb0l1-' rod a whenever the regulator is deranged wi.th out opening the globe or trunk. As it is quite common for the carbon-rod to get dirty and to move stiffly from some slight obstruction "of the regulator, the open space F affords a great convenience in twisting the rod a or moving the same up and down readily when thus temporarily obstructed.

To secure access for the operator s fingers to the space F, the casing may be connected with the trunk G by two or three legs, G, as shown in the drawings, or by a cylinder with large uncovered openings in the sides, as indicated at G G in dotted lines in Fig. l, G being the cylinder, and G the open holes therein.

The globe shown herein is secured to the trunk C exclusively, and its lower end may therefore be of closed form, as in Fig. 3, or have the lower-carbon holder fastened therein, as in Fig. 2. In the former case, rods 0 c are secured inside the trunk to suspend the lowercarbon holder inside the globe, and in such case the latter mustbe removed to replace the lower carbon.

To make a tight joint when the globe is re placed against the lower end of the trunk O, the latter is provided with a yielding annular packing, d, and the edge or mouth of the globe is formed with a wedge shape or corner, 0, to make it jam easily into the packing when pressed thereto by the holding setscrews f.

In Fig. 2 is shown the other construction for the globe, in which the latter is made with an open bottom, through which the lower carbon or holder may be inserted without detaching the globe from the trunk. The carbonholder is removably secured to the lower end of the globe by a split-ring coupling, H, fitted over a flange, t, upon the mouth of the globe, and provided with an internal screw-thread, to screw upon the periphery of the lower-carbon-holder seat L. A similar coupling-ring is shown in Fig. 2, securing the globe to the lower end of the trunk, which is termed with an external screiwthread. (or the purpose, the ring being provided with an an uularilange to elamp the flange i upon the globe, and being tli'orrned'in two halves, united by lugs r and screws or rivets 11, to apply it to the globe readily. A packing, 'm, is shown inserted between the flange i and that on the ring ll, to prevent the latter from pressing the glass ilange unequally. The flange 1 is shown titted to the trunk and lower-carbol'l holder without any packing, and is intended to have aground joint at such points it not olten removed; but if it is removed frequently a soft packing may be interposed, to make the jointsubstantially air-tight.

The removal of the globe from the trunk except for cleaning is obviated by providing an aperture, 1, in the side of the trunk and pro riding it with a tight removable door or covering. Two methods of forming and covering such an aperture are shown in the drawings, Figs. 1 and 2 showing the main body of the trunk formed of a cylindrical tube, lowing a rotating sleeve, J, applied to its outside. tloincident openings are made in the trunk and sleeve, and the latter, being fitted tightly to the tubular trunk, serves to close the opening tightly when the sleeve is rotated half-way around.

In Fig. l the openings in the trunk and sleeve J are shown nearly coincident, and Fig. H shows in section their relation in the same positions. In Fig. 2 the openings in both are indicated at l, and the sleeve is shown kept in place upon the trunk by a bead,;j, at the bottom and an internally'screw-threaded sockct, K, at the top, the socket being formed at the margin ofa flange (like ii in Fig. 3)1'ormed at the lower end of the legs G, and serving to attach them rcmovablyt'o the top of the trunk to apply the sleeve.

In Fig. 3 a different mode of exposing an aperture in the trunk is shown-viz., by forming the upper hall of the trunk entirely distinct from the lower and screwing it into the latter internally. The lower hall, to which the globe B is attached, is connected by rods 0 c to a; ilange, K, formed upon the ends of the legs G, and the upper half of the trunk is thus made movable vertically without deranging the adjustment of the other parts. \Vhcn lowered, byscrewin g the movable tube J down inside the trunk, the carbon rod a is fully exposed for manipulation, and its clamp 11 is readily opened for removing and inserting afresh carbon. When the tube J is raised by lilting it into contact with the screw-thread l and turning it to screw upward, the top end of the tube is forced into contact with the under side of the flange K, which is furnished with a soft packing-ring, m to form a tight joint. The flange 1i and socket K require alike that the carbon rod a should p ass through them without admitting air to the trunk 0. Both are therefore shown provided with a llexible diaphragm, 11, through a hole in which the rod passes snugly, as set forth in an application, No. tiho'iti, previously :liled by me; but any other form of tightjoint may be applied thereto. Iliy the use of the aperture I a fresh carbon can be inserted into the top ol' the globe without disconnecting the latter, and by twist ing the rod with the lingers at I he space provided at; l the carbon can be fully adjusted to a true central position. its straightin-ss can also be tested by the same method, and when it is adjusted centrally the lower carbon can be arranged by means lhave devised to coincide exactly with its point. lrorsueh purpose the carbon holder may be arranged to tilt, as shown in Fig. 2, where a. diaphragm ot sheet metal is clamped to the globe with the lower carbon holder E inserted vertically in a hole in its center. The seat l1, carrying theholder l1 and the diaphragm 1, is provided with a recess, 7:, into which the shank of the holder projects, and three screws, p, are inserted through the sides of the rec from the out side, so that the holder can be tilted and held in the required position beneath the upper carbon.

Iliy the construction in jliig. 2 I am enabled to adj usl the carbons, or either of them, while the lightis burning and without renmving or deranging the globe it.

To facilitate the insulation of the trunk and its attachments from the regulator, l have dovised the construction shown in Fig. 3, where )[is the bedplate ol" the casing A, and L; a disk or plate of insulating material upon which the entire regulator rests, and through which screws are passed with insulatiug-collarsnol' the usual construction to hold the regulator to the plate ht. 'liy this COltSill'lltl'lOll the entire casing A and the trunk, globe, and lower-carbon holder are insulated from the regulator. and. may have their proper electrical connections made at pleasure and in any desired manner, the same not being shown .luaein, as they form no part of my invcnticm.

The term airtight in the present specification is not to be taken literally, as the re ceiver in my construction not operated. under a vacuum or pressure, and there is therefore no especialtendencytoa circulation there in. The external andinternal pressures therefore adjust themselws by passage of lhe gases through the smallest opening, and a practically air-tight lamp is secured. in which l'resh oxygen is excluded from the carbons) it all ,the joints are made tight, except that through which the slender carbon-rod is allowed to move easily. lit is especially desirable that the bottom of the receiver should be kept really air-tight, as in my construction, tor the can bonic products of combustion are heavy and have no tendency to rise and escape through the carboniod packing except when tempo rarity expanded by some rise in temperature,

and it is at such particular time that they are likely to be forced into the regulator-casing it IOU lit") the receiver and easing are not separated, as shown herein.

In my former application, No. 81,676, I have described the mode of making the carbonrod joint practically air-tight, the object of my present improvements being to facilitate the introduction, removal, and adjustment of the carbons in such lamps.

An important advantage secured by the pro vision of the open space F between the casing and trunk is that the gases resulting from the combustion of the carbons are entirely pre rented from gaining access to the interiorof the casing and impairing the working of the regulator.

It is well known that the corrosion of some parts of such mechanism is suiiicient to prevent the movements of the same, and to thus arrest the operation of the most essential part of the lamp.

It is obvious that any gas escaping from the upper part of the trunk past the packing a would be at once dissipated into the air, and that the passage of the rod b through a snugly-fitting hole, as at a, secures entire protec tion for the inner mechanism from external influences.

I am aware that the union of aregulatorcasing and a receiver by means of a trunk or tubular connection is not new, and I do not therefore make any claim to such combination herein.

I am also aware that it is not new to secure the lower carbon in the bottom of a glass receiver, and that other elements of my invention have been used before in combinations dilt'erent from those claimed herein.

I am also aware that an electric lamp has been described in United States Patent No. 26t,006 with an opening in the side of the trunk to gain access to the carbons; "butiny invention of an air-tight door for the same purpose is an improvement thereon, because it excludes the air from the burning carbons, which the said patent made no claim to do, because the are was not operated in an airtight globe or receiver. I do not therefore claim a door, broadly, and hereby disclaim such part of United States Patent No. 264,006, limiting my improvement and claim exclusively to a door adapted to operate in connection with an air-tight lamp of the class I have described herein.

I am also aware that lower-carbon holders have been provided 'with means for feeding the carbon longitudinally from the exterior of the receiver, and that it is not therefore new to support or feed a carbon in the bottom of a receiver. My means for adjusting the carbon laterally are not, however, adapted for feeding it at all, and I therefore consider the function of my adjusting device essentially different from those I allude to, while I disclaim any construction for feeding the lower carbon to or from the other.

Having thus set forth my invention, I claim the same as follows:

1. The combination, in an electricarc lamp, of a regulator and its inclosing-casing, a practically air-tight receiver inclosing contiguous carbon points, a earbon-rod extendedjtrom the regulator into the tight receiver, a trunk or connection having an open space, I between the regulator and receiver, and a packing or slip joint applied to the carbon-rod, where it passes from the receiver or connection into the open space F, substantially as and for the pun pose set forth.

2. The combination, with the globe or receiver B, sustained by its upper flange only, of the seat L, provided with diaphragm and recess 76 beneath the same, and sustaining the carbon-holder E within the tight receiver, and the adjusting-screws 1), extending through the walls of the recess 75 and operated to adjust the carbon-holder from the outside of the same, as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the casing A, globe B, and trunk C, constructed air-tight, as described, and separated by an open space, I for the purpose set forth, of the carbons and carbon-holders, and the regulator insulated from its inclosing-easing, substantially in the manner shown and described.

4. The combination, with the casin 1. globe, l3, and trunk C,'constructed air-tight, as described. and separated by an open space, F, for the purpose set forth, of the means,substantially as described, for sliding one end or part of the trunk inside the other to expose the carbons.

In testimony whereofl havehereunto set my hand in the presence of two subscribing wit nesses.

\VM. BAXTER, JR.

IVi tn esses:

J. MILLER SMITH, WALTER J. KNIGHT. 

